2nd Governor General of Canada, Governor of Prince Edward Island
Term:
1869-1872
Born:
August 31, 1807, Bombay, India
Died:
October 6, 1876, Bailieborough, Ireland
John Young Lisgar was born to Irish parents in India. Before becoming Governor General of Canada in February of 1872, he served as a member of the British Parliament and held administrative appointments in the Ionian Islands and New South Wales. He was made a Baron when he was appointed Governor General of Canada.
In the years following Confederation, Canada was represented by the Government of Great Britain in all external relations matters. The most frequent issues arose in relations with the United States. Lord Lisgar's term as Governor General featured several disputes involving Canada and the United States.
Lisgar arrived in Canada when the Government of Sir John A. MacDonald was negotiating the purchase of the lands from the Hudson Bay Company. The Red River Rebellion (1870) arose out of the inhabitants' concerns that they would lose their land. Although a settlement was reached with the Red River Metis, Lord Lisgar had to allay American concerns over the way in which the Rebellion was handled. He also met with the Americans in an attempt to stop the Fenians, a group of Irish nationalists who attacked British property, from coming into Canada.
Maintaining good relations with the United States was important to the British Government during this period. Therefore, during a Canadian-American fishing dispute which was eventually settled by the Treaty of Washington (1871), Lord Lisgar gave MacDonald's Government no support and Canada lost fishing and navigation rights. Although Canada did not fair well in the Treaty, MacDonald regarded Lisgar as a very competent Governor General.
In addition to acting as mediator with the United States, Lord Lisgar also established several traditions during his tenure. He was responsible for introducing the noon gun to Parliament Hill, establishing the first Governor General's New Year's Levee (1869), and he also organized the Governor General's Foot Guard (1872).